CORRELATION OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES AND CLINICAL FINDINGS WITH CHEMICAL BIOMARKERS IN TYPE 1 DIABETES

Abstract

Objective: To find correlation between different demographic variables and chemical markers in Type 1 Diabetes so that disease can be picked up at an early stage if individuals are categorized properly.

Material and Methods: It was a cross sectional analytical study conducted at Chughtai Institute of Pathology, from April 2021 to March 2022. We included 100 male and female diagnosed cases of T1D of age below 18 years as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant details of demographic variables & clinical findings were noted on a predesigned proforma. 5ml whole blood was taken from each subject. All samples were analyzed for Plasma Glucose, HbA1c%, Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, Creatinine and C-peptide. SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis.

Results: Mean age of the study participants was 14.2 ±3.6 years. Mostly were male (57%). Mean height was 4.89±0.69 feet, mean weight was 57.8±18.0 Kg and mean BMI was 27.0±7.7 kg/m2. Majority (57%) belonged to middle socioeconomic class, had normal BMI with a poor glycemic control. There was a significant difference in FBS levels and HbA1C among different socioeconomic groups (p <0.05) with poor socioeconomic group having higher values. Group having active symptoms and poor glycemic control had significantly higher FBS levels, HbA1c, Cholesterol and TG levels. Group having BP lower than 130/80 mm Hg had significantly lower FBS, HbA1c, Cholesterol and TG. Subjects with positive family history had higher HbA1c values.

Conclusion: Patients with T1DM in our study population are characterized by poor glycemic control, dyslipidemia, high BMI and majority belonged to middle socioeconomic class. Targeted therapy of high-risk groups can result in better disease management.

Keywords: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Demographic, Biomarkers, Chronic.