Comparison of demographic variables and clinical findings with immune biomarkers in type1 diabetes

Authors

  • Hafiz Muhammad Bilal Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore Pakistan
  • Muhammad Dilawar Khan Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore Pakistan
  • Hijab Batool Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore Pakistan
  • Akhtar Sohail Chughtai Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore Pakistan
  • Omer Rashid Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore Pakistan
  • Shakeel Ashraf Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55629/pakjpathol.v35i3.810

Abstract

Objective: To explore how demographic variables and clinical findings relate to immune biomarkers, assess their impact on glycemic control, and identify the most relevant immune biomarker for the Pakistani population with Type 1 Diabetes.

Material and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted at Chughtai Institute of Pathology, from April 2021 to March 2022. We enrolled 130 male and female diagnosed cases of Type 1 Diabetes of age below18 years in this study. A total of 100 cases were included in the study as per defined criteria and 30 were excluded. Relevant details of demographic variables & clinical findings were noted on a predesigned proforma. 5ml whole blood was taken from each subject. All samples were analyzed for Plasma Glucose, HbA1c%, C-peptide, Anti GAD65, Anti IA2 and Anti IAA. SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis.

Results: Mean age of the Demographic details of study participants was 14.2±3.6years. Majority of the study participants were male (57%). Mean height was 4.89±0.69feet, mean weight of the participants was 57.8±18.0 Kilograms, mean BMI was 27.0±7.7kg/m2and mean Fasting blood glucose level was 213.3 ±128.2 mg/dL. Majority of the participants (57%) belonged to middle socioeconomic class, had normal BMI with a poor glycemic control. When means were compared, it was found that there was a significant difference in the mean anti-GAD level, where group with poor glycemic control having higher values.

Conclusion: Anti-GAD65 is the most prevalent immune biomarker in the Pakistani population, with elevated levels linked to poor glycemic control. While low socioeconomic status correlates with worse glycemic outcomes. A targeted approach for high-risk populations may enhance clinical outcomes and alleviate financial and mental burdens for patients.

Keywords: Type 1 diabetes mellitus, GAD65, IA-2, IAA, Biomarker

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Published

27-09-2024

How to Cite

1.
Hafiz Muhammad Bilal, Khan MD, Batool H, Chughtai AS, Rashid O, Ashraf S. Comparison of demographic variables and clinical findings with immune biomarkers in type1 diabetes. Pak J Pathol [Internet]. 2024 Sep. 27 [cited 2024 Dec. 22];35(3):109-15. Available from: https://pakjpath.com/index.php/Pak-J-Pathol/article/view/810

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Vol. 35 No. 3 (2024): PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY

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Articles

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