INCIDENCE OF VULVO VAGINAL CANDIDIASIS IN YOUNG WOMEN; EXPERIENCE FROM A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, KARACHI PAKISTAN

Abstract

Objective: To study the incidence of Candida species in women of child bearing age presenting with abnormal vaginal discharge with and without symptom of pruritus vulvae.

Material and Methods: The descriptive cross sectional study was done from Feb 2022 to Jan 2023, HVS of 300 women were taken who presented with abnormal discharge from vagina and pruritus vulvae. Samples were taken for microbiological culture testing, after thorough assessment of pertinent gynecological and obstetric history. The cultures were followed up and the results recorded.

Results: The most frequently identified organism causing abnormal vaginal discharge was Candida albicans (62.27%) with pregnant women experiencing a 59.09% considerably higher prevalence rate. The study found that vaginal candidiasis symptoms were itching, white curdy vaginal discharge, burning, and dyspareunia. Candida albicans was found in 62.2% of cases, while non-albicans were found in 37.7%. Pregnant women accounted for 59.09% of positive cases, with 74 cases of Candida albicans and 56 cases of non-albicans. Non-pregnant women accounted for 40.9% of positive cases, with 63 cases of Candida albicans and 27 cases of non-albicans.

Conclusion:  Vulvo Vaginal Candidiasis associated with  C. albicans as well as non albicans species of Candida is very common in women of reproductive age especially in developing countries. Specific diagnosis of is important as it leads to prompt treatment with antifungal, thus improving patient's health and preventing chronicity associated with disease.

Keywords: High vaginal swab, Vaginal candidiasis, Vaginal discharge.